316 AFMAN 24-204(I)/TM 38-250/NAVSUP PUB 505/MCO P4030.19H/ DLAI 4145.3 11 DECEMBER 2001 - Seat  passengers  forward  of  and  separate  by  the  greatest  distance  possible  (minimum  one  full  pallet position) from dry ice. - Passenger and crewmembers will not occupy the same pallet position as dry ice. - Do not carry dry ice in any upper deck compartment. - Vent  the  aircraft  cargo  compartment  to  the  greatest  extent  possible  allowed  by  the  flight  profile  and envionmental conditions. - Quantity limits specified in this paragraph apply to all personnel, other than aircrew members, who occupy the cargo compartment with dry ice. A13.9.3.1.  Pressurized Aircraft.  For pressurized aircraft, the amount of dry ice that can be safely shipped by air regardless of the type container used depends on the sublimation rate of the ice, the volume of the aircraft, and the number  of  air  changes  per  hour.    To  minimize  the  sublimation  rate,  use  insulated  containers  surrounded  with insulating blankets and tarpaulin during shipment to the greatest extent possible.  To determine the amount of dry ice that can be safely shipped by air, use the formula in figure A13.1. A13.9.3.2.  Aircraft on Minimum Air Changes. When aircraft is on minimum air changes per hour, safe loads are drastically reduced.  When the aircraft is on the ground longer than 45 minutes, recalculate the safe quantity using new numbers of air changes per hour.  Maximum quantities are shown in figure A13.2. Figure A13.1.  Formula For Determining Dry Ice Limitations. X= VA(0.47)          32.3 Where: V= Volume of aircraft A= Air changes per hour X= Maximum dry ice loading in pounds Figure A13.2.  Dry Ice Limitations When Aircraft is on Minimum Air Changes. Aircraft Maximum Amount Type in Pounds Kilograms C-130 600     272 C-135   200        91 C-141B (See Note 1) 3,430 1,556 C-17 (See Note 2) 3,430 High Flow 1,880 Normal Flow 1,556 853 NOTE 1: 1,020 pounds (463 kg) with personnel. NOTE 2: Indicates the maximum amount for operating with both air conditioning packs with no passengers in the cargo compartment.  Limitation with passengers in the cargo compartment is set at 1,040 pounds (471 kg). A13.9.3.3.    Non-pressurized  Aircraft.    For  non-pressurized  aircraft,  the  amount  of  dry  ice  that  can  be  safely shipped by air depends upon the sublimation rate and ventilation of the aircraft.  To minimize the sublimation rate, use  insulated  containers  surrounded  with  insulating  blankets  and  tarpaulins.    The  aircraft  must  have  maximum ventilation during the shipment.  Under these conditions 1652.6 kg (3,644 pounds) of dry ice can be shipped on a C- 141 aircraft.  With unpressurized cargo compartment, the quantity of dry ice that can be transported is unlimited if the fumes are vented overboard the aircraft. A13.9.3.4.    C-5  Aircraft.    Dry  ice  may  be  carried  in  the  C-5A  cargo  compartment  under  the  following  aircraft operating conditions: - During cruise (mach 0.5 and up) and altitudes up to 9144 m (30,000 feet), a safe load of dry ice is 2131.5 kg (4700 pounds.)  During cruise (mach 0.6 and up) and altitudes above 9144 m (30,000 feet), a safe load is 1415  kg  (3120  pounds.)    The  Environmental  Control  System  (ECS)  must  be  operated  with  "both"  air-