T.O. 33B-1-1Glossary 3ALCLAD ALUMINUM: A term applied to aluminum alloy sheet and wire products to which a thin coating of highpurity aluminum or aluminum alloy of different composition has been bonded for corrosion protection.ALLOY: A metal composed of two or more chemical elements at least one of which is a metal.ALLOY STEEL: Steel that has had sufficient quantities of alloying elements added to produce desired changes in themechanical or physical properties.ALLOY SYSTEM: A complete series of compositions produced by mixing in all proportions any group of two or morecomponents, at least one of which is a metal.ALLOYING ELEMENT: An element added to a metal to create a desired change in its properties.ALPHA PARTICLE (RT): A positively charged particle emitted by certain radioactive materials. It is made up of twoneutrons and two protons; hence it is identical with the nucleus of a helium atom.ALPHA “RAY” (RT): A stream of fast moving helium nuclei. This is a strongly ionizing radiation with very weakpenetration.ALPHA ROCKWELL HARDNESS: The index of the resistance of a plastic to surface penetration by a specifiedindentor under a specified load applied with a tester. Higher values indicate higher resistance to indentation (ASTMD-785).ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC): Alternating current is current that reverses its direction of flow at regular intervals.Such current is frequently referred to as ACALUMINUM EQUIVALENT (RT, UT): The thickness of aluminum having a specified purity, affording the sameattenuation, under specified conditions, as the material in question.AMPERAGE: The strength of a current of electricity measured in amperes.AMPERE: This is the unit of electrical current. One ampere is the current that flows through a conductor having aresistance of one ohm, at a potential of one volt.AMPERE TURNS (MT): This term refers to the product of the number of turns in a coil and the number of amperes ofcurrent flowing through it. This is a measure of the magnetizing or demagnetizing strength of the coil. For example:800 amperes in a 6 turn coil = 800 x 6 = 4800 ampere turns.AMPLIFIERS: Circuit components that increase the magnitude of an electronic signal.AMPLITUDE: The extent of vibratory movement measured from the mean position to an extreme; the maximumdeparture of alternating voltage or current from the average value; indicated by vertical height on an A-scanpresentation.AMPLITUDE ECHO (UT): The total vertical or pulse height of the received signal indicated by “A” scan presentation.AMPLITUDE RESPONSE: That property of the test system whereby the amplitude of the detected signal is measuredwithout regard to phase.AMU: Atomic mass unit.ANGLE BEAM (UT): A sound beam traveling at some angle other than normal to me surface of the test object.Measured from normal incidence.
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