T.O. 33B-1-1
Glossary 79
SCATTERED ENERGY (UT): Energy that is reflected in a random fashion by small discontinuities in the path of a
sound beam.
SCATTERED RADIATION (RT): Radiation that, as the result of interaction with matter, has had its direction changed
and, for some interactions, its energy decreased.
SCATTERING (RT): A change of direction, and possibly reduction of energy, of an incident particle or photon as the
result of interaction with an atom, nucleus, or other particle.
SCATTERING ANGLE (RT): The angle between the directions of propagation of the incident and scattered radiation.
SCHLIEREN SYSTEM (UT): An optical system used to visually display an ultrasonic beam passing through a
transparent medium.
SCHWARZCHILD EXPONENT (RT): A mathematical index that may be applied to one of the variables in order to
correct for the failure of the reciprocity law over a limited range.
SCINTILLATION (RT): A localized flash of light caused by a particle or photon of ionizing radiation incident on a
fluorescent material.
SCINTILLATION COUNTER: A device for counting atomic particles by means of tiny flashes of light (scintillations)
which the particles produce when they strike certain crystals.
SCINTILLATOR (RT): A substance that emits a localized flash of light when excited by an incident particle or photon
of ionizing radiation.
SCLEROSCOPE TEST: A hardness test where the loss in kinetic energy of a falling metal “tup,” absorbed by
indentation upon impact of the tup on the metal being tested, is indicated by the height of rebound.
SCORING:
(1)
Marring or scratching of any formed part by metal pickup on the punch or die.
(2)
Reducing the thickness of a material along a line to weaken it purposely along that line.
SCOTCH TAPE TRANSFER (MT): The use of colorless tape to lift a magnetic particle indication from a part.
SCRATCH: A shallow mark or injury produced by abrasion.
SCRATCH HARDNESS: The hardness of a metal determined by the width of a scratch made by a cutting point drawn
across the surface under a given pressure.
SCREEN (RT): Alternative term for intensifying screen.
SCREENS, FLUORESCENT (RT): See FLUORESCENT SCREENS.
SCREENS, INTENSIFYING (RT): See INTENSIFYING SCREENS.
SCREENS, LEAD (RT): Layers of lead foil, used in intimate contact with the film during exposure. They act to
improve radiographic quality or to decrease exposure time, or both.
SCREEN MOTTLE (RT): (Fluorescent Screen Exposures) The visual impression of irregularity of density, in areas
where the exposure is macroscopically uniform, due to the random spatial distribution of X-ray quanta absorbed in the
screens. Screen mottle is much larger in scale and “softer” in outline than film graininess. See FILM GRAININESS.
