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OPERATING PROCEDURES
Operation of the Simulator System

Simulator, Detector Uni Chemical Agent Automatic Alarm, M81 \(Nsn 6665-01-088-4789\)
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2-6.
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
(continued)
2.
Are  the  receiver/detectors  and  transmitter  deployed
so  that  a  signal
from  the  transmitter  will cause  the detectors  to  go
into  alarm?
A  transmitter  must  be  located  in  a  position  that  will  assure  communication  with  all
receiver/detectors  with  which  it  is  to  operate.
To  ensure  efficient  transmission
and  reception,  the  following  factors  should  be  considered:
o
Hills  and  mountains  between  transmitter  and  receivers  normally  limit  the
range  of  the  Simulator.
In  mountainous  or  hilly  terrain,  positions  rela-
Locations  at  the  base  of  a
tively  high  on  the  slopes  should  be  selected.
A  location  that
cliff  or  in  a  deep  ravine  or  valley  should  be  avoided.
will  give  line-of-sight  transmission  should  be  selected  whenever  possible.
o
Dry  ground  has  high  resistance  and  limits  th
e
range  of  good  transmission
If  possible,  the  transmitter
and  receivers  should  be
and  reception.
located  near  moist  ground,  which  has  much
less  resistance.  Water,  and  in
particular  salt  water,  will  greatly  increase
the  distances  that  can  be
covered.
o
Trees
with  heavy  foliage  absorb  radio  waves,  and  leafy  trees  have  more  of
an  ad
verse  effect  than  evergreens.
Wet  foliage  has  more  of  adverse  effect
The  transmitter  and  receiver  antennas  should  be  kept
than
dry  foliage.
clear
of  all  foliage  and  dense  brush.
o
A  position  in
a  tunnel  or  beneath  an  underpass  or  steel  bridge  should  not
Transmission  and  reception  under  these  conditions  are  almost
be  selected.
impossible.
o
Buildings  located  between  the  transmitter
and  receiver,  particularly  steel
and  reinforced  concrete  structures,  hinder
both  transmission  and  recep-
tion.
o
All  types  of  pole  wire  lines,  such  as  telephone,  telegraph,  and  high-
tension  power  lines,  should  be  avoided  when  you  are  selecting  a  site.
Such  wire  lines  absorb  power  from  radiating  antennas  located  in  their
vicinity.
Such  lines  also  introduce  hum  and  noise  interference  in  receiv-
ing  antennas.
o
Positions  adjacent  to  heavily  traveled  roads  and  highways  should  be
In  addition  to  the  noise  and  confusion  caused  by  tanks  and
avoided.
trucks,  ignition  systems  in  vehicles  may  cause  electrical  interference.
o
Battery-charging  units  and
generators
should
not
be
located
close
to
transmitter  or  receivers.
o
Atmospheric  conditions  can  also  affect
transmission  and
reception.
Such
conditions  include  fog,  thunderstorms,
and  sunspots.
2-16






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