T.O. 33B-1-1Glossary 87STEP-WEDGE COMPARISON FILM (RT): A strip of processed film carrying a stepwise array of increasingphotographic density.STEP-WEDGE PENETRAMETER (STEP PENETRAMETER): A penetrameter of similar material to the specimenunder examination, having steps ranging usually from 1 to 5 percent of the specimen thickness. Each step may containone or more drilled holes for the assessment of definition.STEPPED WEDGE (RT): A device that is used, with appropriate penetrameters on each step, for the inspection ofparts having great variations in thickness or a complex geometry. The stepped wedge must be made of materialradiographically similar to that being radiographed.STEREOFLUOROSCOPY (RT): The production of a pair of radiographs suitable for stereoscopic viewing.STEREORADIOGRAPHY (RT): The process of finding the position and dimensions of details within a specimen bymeasurements made on radiographs taken from different directions.STEREOSCOPIC (RT): A type of viewing that employs an optical instrument (stereoscope) to combine the images oftwo radiographs taken from slightly different angles, thus achieving a three-dimensional effect.STEREOSCOPY (RT): The three-dimensional visual effect resulting from binocular vision.STIFFNESS: The ability of a metal or shape to resist elastic deflection. For identical shapes, the stiffness isproportional to the modulus of elasticity.STOCHASTIC EFFECTS: The health effects that occur randomly and for which the probability of the effect occurring,rather than its severity, is assumed to be a linear function of dose without threshold. Hereditary effects and cancerincidence are examples of stochastic effects.STOP BATH (RT): A chemical solution (or clean running water) used for arresting the activity of the developerremaining in the film emulsion.STORAGE FOG (RT): Fog caused by storing film in a high humidity/temperature environment.STRAIGHT BEAM (UT): A vibrating pulse wave train traveling normal to the test surface.STRAIN: The change per unit of length in a linear dimension of a stressed body. It may be thought of as thedeformation caused by an applied load and is measured in inches of change per inch of stressed length, or in percentageof dimensional change of a specified stressed length.STRAIN AGING: Aging induced by cold working.STRAIN ENERGY:(1)The work done in deforming a body.(2)The work done in deforming a body within the elastic limit of the material. It is more properly elasticstrain energy and can be recovered as work rather than heat.STRAIN HARDENING: An increase in hardness and strength caused by plastic deformation at temperatures lowerthan the recrystallization range.STRAY RADIATION (RT): Radiation other than the useful beam. It includes leakage, secondary, and scatteredradiation.
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