T.O. 33B-1-1Glossary 17CONTROLLED AREA (RT): A defined area in which the occupational exposure of personnel to radiation or toradioactive material is under the supervision of an individual in charge of radiation protection. (This implies that acontrolled area is one that requires control of access, occupancy, and working conditions for radiation protectionpurposes.)CONVEX: Curved or rounded as the exterior of a spherical or circular form viewed from without; opposite of concave.COOLIDGE TUBE (RT): An X-ray tube in which the source of the bombarding electrons is a heated filament in thecathode.COOLING CRACK: See CRACKS, COOLING.COOLING STRESSES: Residual stresses resulting from non-uniform distribution of temperature during cooling.CORE (MT): In reference to an electromagnetic inspection, it is a laminated steel conductor located within theelectrical winding of a hand-held yoke or probe. Also, laminated steel conductor used in conjunction with amagnetizing coil to produce a stronger collapsing field in induced current magnetization of ring-shaped parts.CORNER EFFECT (UT): The strong reflection obtained when an angle beam is directed normal to the intersection oftwo perpendicular reflectors.CORONA: In spot welding, an area sometimes surrounding the nugget at the faying surfaces, contributing slightly tooverall and strength.CORROSION: The deterioration of a metal by chemical or electrochemical reaction with its environment or othermaterial.CORROSION EMBRITTLEMENT: The severe loss of ductility of a metal, resulting from corrosive attack, usuallyintergranular and often not visually apparent.CORROSION FATIGUE: Effect of the application of repeated or fluctuating stresses in a corrosive environmentcharacterized by shorter life than would be encountered as a result of either the repeated or fluctuating stresses alone orthe corrosive environment alone.COULOMB: A unit of electric charge in the “practical” system of units. It contains 3 x 109 electrostatic units (seeESU) of charge.COUPLANT (UT): A substance (usually liquid) used between the search unit and test part to permit or improvetransmission of ultrasonic energy into the test part.COUPLING (ET): An interaction between systems or between properties of a system.CRACK: A discontinuity that has a relatively large cross-section in one direction and a small or negligible cross-section when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first.CRACKS COLD: A crack, which occurs in a casting after solidification, due to excessive strain generally resultingfrom non-uniform cooling.CRACK CONTAMINANT: Material which fills a crack and which may prevent penetrants from entering.CRACKS COOLING: In bars of alloy or tool steels, are the result of uneven cooling after rolling and usually are deepin a longitudinal direction, but are not straight.
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